Physiology
Where the nephron reabsorbs what, and why. Twelve cards on the segments, written by Lovelydeck as a starter deck.
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Add to my decksWhich segment of the nephron reabsorbs most of the filtered sodium?
The proximal convoluted tubule, about two-thirds, with water following isosmotically.
What is the descending limb of the loop of Henle permeable to?
Water, not solutes. The filtrate concentrates as it descends.
Which limb of the loop pumps sodium chloride out and is impermeable to water?
The thick ascending limb.
What does the loop of Henle build in the medulla?
The osmotic gradient that lets the collecting duct concentrate urine.
What does ADH insert into the collecting duct?
Aquaporin-2 channels, so water is reabsorbed and urine concentrates.
Where is most filtered glucose reabsorbed?
The proximal tubule, by sodium-coupled transporters.
Which cells of the collecting duct secrete potassium?
Principal cells, driven by aldosterone.
Which cells of the collecting duct handle acid secretion?
Intercalated cells.
What happens to filtrate osmolarity at the tip of the loop?
It is at its highest, matching the medullary interstitium.
What does aldosterone do in the distal nephron?
Increases sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in principal cells.
Where does most bicarbonate reabsorption happen?
The proximal tubule, via carbonic anhydrase.
What is glomerular filtration rate?
The volume of filtrate formed per minute across both kidneys.
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